Report Civil and Commercial SpaceSpace Security Escalation and Deterrence in the Second Space Age PublishedOctober 3, 2017 By Todd Harrison, Zack Cooper, Kaitlyn Johnson, Thomas G. Roberts Download PDF On October 4, 1957, the Soviet Union launched Sputnik 1, the first human-made object to orbit the Earth. Precisely 60 years later, space-faring nations face a much different space environment; one that’s more diverse, disruptive, disordered, and dangerous. Today’s space domain presents a number of asymmetries that differ from other domains, creating a specific deterrence environment with unique policy implications. Escalation and Deterrence in the Second Space Age, a new report by the CSIS Aerospace Security Project, discusses the evolution of space as a contested domain, the changing threats to U.S. space systems, deterrence theory and its applications to the space domain, and findings from a space crisis exercise administered by CSIS last year. To learn more about this study and hear from a panel of space security experts, check out the Escalation and Deterrence in the Second Space Age event webcast.